 |
Wharbo Precision Manufacturing Co.,LtdChina precision machining parts manufacturer,Custom CNC machined parts supplier |
||||
Tech Info
standard process steps of the CNC machining process
The standard process steps of the CNC machining are generally seven, each of which is required to be carried out in sequence, and if it is not carried out in the order of the standard process steps of the NC machining center, it is easy to cause a machine malfunction or personal safety. The staff is in need of special attention.
1, boot ready
The machine will return to the machine reference zero (ie, zero) after each power-on or machine-by-emergency stop reset, so that the machine has a reference position for its subsequent operation.
2, workpiece clamping
The workpiece should be cleaned before cleaning the surface, not sticky with oil, iron and dust, and with a rasp (or oil stone) to remove the surface of the burr. Fixture with the high-speed rail must be polished by grinding the surface, make it smooth, smooth. Iron, nuts must be strong, can reliably clamp the workpiece, for some difficult to install a small workpiece can be directly clamped on the tiger; machine table should be clean, no iron, dust, oil; In the four corners of the workpiece, the workpiece is too large in the middle of the need to add a high horn in the middle. According to the size of the drawings, use the ruler to check whether the workpiece length and width are qualified. When clamping the workpiece, according to the programming instructions to install the way, to avoid the processing of the site and in the processing of the head may encounter the case of fixtures. After the workpiece is placed on the horn, it is necessary to pull the workpiece reference plane according to the requirements of the drawing. For the workpiece which has been machined on both sides, it is necessary to check whether the verticality is qualified. After the workpiece drawing must be tightened after the nut to prevent the clip is not strong and the workpiece in the processing of the phenomenon of displacement; then pull the table once to determine the error after the error is not good.
3, the workpiece touch the number
On the clamping of the workpiece can be used to touch the number of head to deal with the reference zero, touch the head can be used both photoelectric and mechanical. There are two ways to touch the number and the number of unilateral touch, sub-touch the steps are as follows: photoelectric static, mechanical speed 450 ~ 600rpm. In the middle of the touch manually move the table X-axis, so that touch the head touch the workpiece side, when the touch head just hit the workpiece so that when the red light, set the relative coordinates of this point is zero; The X-axis touches the other side of the workpiece and touches the relative coordinates of the moment when the head touches the workpiece. According to its relative value minus the diameter of the head (that is, the length of the workpiece), check the length of the workpiece is consistent with the requirements of the drawings.
The relative number of coordinates divided by 2, the value is the workpiece X axis of the middle value, and then move the table to the X axis on the middle of the value of the X axis of the relative coordinate value is set to zero, this is the workpiece Zero on the X axis. Carefully record the mechanical coordinates of the zero position on the workpiece X axis in one of G54 to G59, and let the machine determine the zero position on the workpiece X axis. Once again, check the correctness of the data. The Y-axis zero setting of the workpiece is the same as that of the X-axis.
4, prepare the tool
According to the tool data of the programming job guide, replace the tool to be machined, let the tool hit the height measuring instrument on the reference plane, and set the relative coordinate value to zero when the measuring light is on. Move the tool to a safe place, manually move the tool down 50mm, and set the relative coordinate value to zero again. This is the zero of the Z axis.
The mechanical Z value of this point is recorded in one of G54 to G59. This completes the zero setting of the workpiece X, Y, and Z axes. Once again, check the correctness of the data. The other side of the touch is also the way to touch the workpiece X, Y side of the axis, the point of the X, Y axis relative to the coordinate value of the radius of the head is the X, Y axis of the zero, X, Y axis of the mechanical coordinates recorded in one of G54 ~ G59. Once again, check the correctness of the data. Check the correctness of the zero point, move the X and Y axes to the side of the workpiece. According to the size of the workpiece, check the correctness of the zero point. Copy the program files to your computer according to the file path of the programming guide.
5, parameter settings
In the processing of the spindle speed setting: N = 1000 × V / (3.14 × D)
N: Spindle speed (rpm / min)
V: cutting speed (m / min)
D: Tool diameter (mm)
Processing feed rate setting: F = N × M × Fn
F: Feedrate (mm / min)
M: Number of tool edges
Fn: Cutting amount of tool (mm / rev)
Per blade cutting amount setting: Fn = Z × Fz
Z: The number of edges of the tool
Fz: Cutting amount of each cutting edge (mm / turn)
6, ready processing
At the beginning of each program, you must carefully check whether the tool you are using is programmed with the tool specified on the instruction book. Start the processing to feed the feed speed to a minimum, single-stage implementation, fast positioning, knife, feed must be concentrated, the hand should be placed on the stop button problems immediately stop, observe the direction of movement of the tool to ensure safety Knife, and then slowly increase the feed rate to the appropriate, while the tool and the workpiece with coolant or cold air. Open rough processing can not be too far from the control panel, there are abnormal phenomena in time to stop inspection. Open and then pull the table once again to determine the workpiece is not loose. If so, you must recalibrate and touch the number. In the process of continuous optimization of processing parameters, the best processing results. Because the process is the key process, so after the completion of the workpiece processing, should measure the main size of the drawings and drawings are consistent, if any questions immediately notify the team leader or programmer to check, resolved, after self- Must be sent to inspectors special inspection.
Processing type
Hole processing: drilling center in the processing center must first use the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 0.5 ~ 2mm drill bit drilling, and finally with the right bit finishing.
Reaming process: the reaming of the workpiece is also the first to use the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 0.5 ~ 0.3mm drill bit drilling, and finally reamer reaming, reaming process to control the spindle speed 70 to 180 rpm / min.
Boring processing: the workpiece for the first drilling with the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 1 ~ 2mm drill bit drilling, and then use the rough boring knife (or cutter) processing to the only unilateral 0.3mm Left and right processing margin, and finally with a good tune in advance the size of the fine boring knife for fine boring, the last fine boring margin can not be less than 0.1mm. Direct CNC (DNC) operation: in the DNC NC machining before the first folder of the workpiece, set the zero, set the parameters. In the computer to open the number of processing procedures to check, and then let the computer into the DNC state, and enter the correct processing program file name. Press the TAPE key on the machine and the program start button, then the machine controller appears flashing LSK words. In the computer by pressing the keyboard can be DNC number processing.
7, workers self-test
The processor must see the contents of the process card before processing, and know the parts, shapes and drawings of the workpiece to know the size of the process. Before the workpiece clamping should be measured before the blank size meets the requirements of the drawings, the workpiece must be carefully checked when the installation and programming instructions consistent with the instructions. After the completion of rough processing should be promptly self-test, in order to adjust the error of the data in a timely manner. Self-test content is mainly the size of the processing site size. Such as: whether the workpiece is loose; whether the workpiece is correctly divided; processing parts to the reference edge (reference point) size is consistent with the requirements of the drawings; processing parts between the location size. Measure the size of the roughing (except for the arc) after checking the position dimensions.
After finishing the self-test after finishing. After finishing the workers should deal with the shape of the machined parts of the size of self-test: the vertical surface of the processing site to detect the basic length and width of the size of the slope of the processing site measurement drawings marked on the base size. Workers to complete the workpiece self-test, confirmed with the drawings and process requirements in line with the workpiece after the removal of the inspectors to carry out special inspection.
1, boot ready
The machine will return to the machine reference zero (ie, zero) after each power-on or machine-by-emergency stop reset, so that the machine has a reference position for its subsequent operation.
2, workpiece clamping
The workpiece should be cleaned before cleaning the surface, not sticky with oil, iron and dust, and with a rasp (or oil stone) to remove the surface of the burr. Fixture with the high-speed rail must be polished by grinding the surface, make it smooth, smooth. Iron, nuts must be strong, can reliably clamp the workpiece, for some difficult to install a small workpiece can be directly clamped on the tiger; machine table should be clean, no iron, dust, oil; In the four corners of the workpiece, the workpiece is too large in the middle of the need to add a high horn in the middle. According to the size of the drawings, use the ruler to check whether the workpiece length and width are qualified. When clamping the workpiece, according to the programming instructions to install the way, to avoid the processing of the site and in the processing of the head may encounter the case of fixtures. After the workpiece is placed on the horn, it is necessary to pull the workpiece reference plane according to the requirements of the drawing. For the workpiece which has been machined on both sides, it is necessary to check whether the verticality is qualified. After the workpiece drawing must be tightened after the nut to prevent the clip is not strong and the workpiece in the processing of the phenomenon of displacement; then pull the table once to determine the error after the error is not good.
3, the workpiece touch the number
On the clamping of the workpiece can be used to touch the number of head to deal with the reference zero, touch the head can be used both photoelectric and mechanical. There are two ways to touch the number and the number of unilateral touch, sub-touch the steps are as follows: photoelectric static, mechanical speed 450 ~ 600rpm. In the middle of the touch manually move the table X-axis, so that touch the head touch the workpiece side, when the touch head just hit the workpiece so that when the red light, set the relative coordinates of this point is zero; The X-axis touches the other side of the workpiece and touches the relative coordinates of the moment when the head touches the workpiece. According to its relative value minus the diameter of the head (that is, the length of the workpiece), check the length of the workpiece is consistent with the requirements of the drawings.
The relative number of coordinates divided by 2, the value is the workpiece X axis of the middle value, and then move the table to the X axis on the middle of the value of the X axis of the relative coordinate value is set to zero, this is the workpiece Zero on the X axis. Carefully record the mechanical coordinates of the zero position on the workpiece X axis in one of G54 to G59, and let the machine determine the zero position on the workpiece X axis. Once again, check the correctness of the data. The Y-axis zero setting of the workpiece is the same as that of the X-axis.
4, prepare the tool
According to the tool data of the programming job guide, replace the tool to be machined, let the tool hit the height measuring instrument on the reference plane, and set the relative coordinate value to zero when the measuring light is on. Move the tool to a safe place, manually move the tool down 50mm, and set the relative coordinate value to zero again. This is the zero of the Z axis.
The mechanical Z value of this point is recorded in one of G54 to G59. This completes the zero setting of the workpiece X, Y, and Z axes. Once again, check the correctness of the data. The other side of the touch is also the way to touch the workpiece X, Y side of the axis, the point of the X, Y axis relative to the coordinate value of the radius of the head is the X, Y axis of the zero, X, Y axis of the mechanical coordinates recorded in one of G54 ~ G59. Once again, check the correctness of the data. Check the correctness of the zero point, move the X and Y axes to the side of the workpiece. According to the size of the workpiece, check the correctness of the zero point. Copy the program files to your computer according to the file path of the programming guide.
5, parameter settings
In the processing of the spindle speed setting: N = 1000 × V / (3.14 × D)
N: Spindle speed (rpm / min)
V: cutting speed (m / min)
D: Tool diameter (mm)
Processing feed rate setting: F = N × M × Fn
F: Feedrate (mm / min)
M: Number of tool edges
Fn: Cutting amount of tool (mm / rev)
Per blade cutting amount setting: Fn = Z × Fz
Z: The number of edges of the tool
Fz: Cutting amount of each cutting edge (mm / turn)
6, ready processing
At the beginning of each program, you must carefully check whether the tool you are using is programmed with the tool specified on the instruction book. Start the processing to feed the feed speed to a minimum, single-stage implementation, fast positioning, knife, feed must be concentrated, the hand should be placed on the stop button problems immediately stop, observe the direction of movement of the tool to ensure safety Knife, and then slowly increase the feed rate to the appropriate, while the tool and the workpiece with coolant or cold air. Open rough processing can not be too far from the control panel, there are abnormal phenomena in time to stop inspection. Open and then pull the table once again to determine the workpiece is not loose. If so, you must recalibrate and touch the number. In the process of continuous optimization of processing parameters, the best processing results. Because the process is the key process, so after the completion of the workpiece processing, should measure the main size of the drawings and drawings are consistent, if any questions immediately notify the team leader or programmer to check, resolved, after self- Must be sent to inspectors special inspection.
Processing type
Hole processing: drilling center in the processing center must first use the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 0.5 ~ 2mm drill bit drilling, and finally with the right bit finishing.
Reaming process: the reaming of the workpiece is also the first to use the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 0.5 ~ 0.3mm drill bit drilling, and finally reamer reaming, reaming process to control the spindle speed 70 to 180 rpm / min.
Boring processing: the workpiece for the first drilling with the center drill positioning, and then smaller than the size of the drawings 1 ~ 2mm drill bit drilling, and then use the rough boring knife (or cutter) processing to the only unilateral 0.3mm Left and right processing margin, and finally with a good tune in advance the size of the fine boring knife for fine boring, the last fine boring margin can not be less than 0.1mm. Direct CNC (DNC) operation: in the DNC NC machining before the first folder of the workpiece, set the zero, set the parameters. In the computer to open the number of processing procedures to check, and then let the computer into the DNC state, and enter the correct processing program file name. Press the TAPE key on the machine and the program start button, then the machine controller appears flashing LSK words. In the computer by pressing the keyboard can be DNC number processing.
7, workers self-test
The processor must see the contents of the process card before processing, and know the parts, shapes and drawings of the workpiece to know the size of the process. Before the workpiece clamping should be measured before the blank size meets the requirements of the drawings, the workpiece must be carefully checked when the installation and programming instructions consistent with the instructions. After the completion of rough processing should be promptly self-test, in order to adjust the error of the data in a timely manner. Self-test content is mainly the size of the processing site size. Such as: whether the workpiece is loose; whether the workpiece is correctly divided; processing parts to the reference edge (reference point) size is consistent with the requirements of the drawings; processing parts between the location size. Measure the size of the roughing (except for the arc) after checking the position dimensions.
After finishing the self-test after finishing. After finishing the workers should deal with the shape of the machined parts of the size of self-test: the vertical surface of the processing site to detect the basic length and width of the size of the slope of the processing site measurement drawings marked on the base size. Workers to complete the workpiece self-test, confirmed with the drawings and process requirements in line with the workpiece after the removal of the inspectors to carry out special inspection.
【 Go Back 】 | 【 Print 】 | 【 Close this window 】
Copyright © Wharbo Precision Manufacturing Co.,Ltd All right reserved
